100年 - 100 國立嘉義大學_轉學生招生考試試題：普通動物學#145333

1. Parthenogenesis (5 points)

2. The limbic system (5 points)

3. Evolution theory and creationism (5 points)

4. Direct and indirect values of biodiversity (5 points)

二、問答題:
1. Recent research indicates that Parkinson disease damages thesympathetic division of the peripheral nervous system. One test forsympathetic division function, called the Valsalva maneuver, requires thepatient to blow against resistance. A functional nervous system willcompensate for the decrease in blood output from the heart bycompensate for the decrease in blood output from the heart byconstricting blood vessels. How do you suppose Parkinson patientsrespond to the Valsalva maneuver? How does this relate to a commoncondition in Parkinson patients, called orthostatic hypotension, in whichblood pressure falls suddenly when the person stands up, leading todizziness and fainting? (20 points)

2. Female athletes who train intensively often stop menstruating. Theimportant factor appears to be the reduction of body fat below a certainlevel. Give a possible evolutionary explanation for a relationship betweenbody fat in females and reproductive cycle. (20 points)

3. Experiments with bacteria showed that exposing a nonvirulent(noninfectious) strain of bacteria to a heat-killed virulent strain couldconvert the nonvirulent strain into a virulent one. What could possiblyexplain this phenomenon? (20 points)

 (1) Calculate the current population growth rate and determine thedoubling time (the number of years it will take to double thepopulation size).

(2) If the birthrate drops to 10 per 1,000, what is the doubling time?T=0.69/r, where T is the doubling time and r is the growth rate. (20points)