| 34. (A) refer to | (B) bump into | (C) function as | (D) touch upon |

40. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this article? (A) Nuclear energy should be legally phased out. (B) The transition has been driven by multiple reinforcing factors. (C) The potential obstacles preventing renewable energy development are now resolved. (D) Solar's 69% share of new capacity suggests that wind energy development is declining. (2) Artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced rapidly over the past decade, and robots equipped with AI capabilities are no longer confined to science fiction. From household assistants to industrial machines, AI robots are reshaping daily life and work across the globe. Their development raises both excitement and concern as new opportunities and critical challenges emerge. In healthcare, AI-powered robots assist surgeons during complex operations, increasing precision and reducing human error. Hospitals also use robots to deliver supplies, sanitize rooms, and provide companionship to elderly patients. In Japan, where the population is aging quickly, social robots are being introduced in nursing homes to interact with residents, reminding them to take medicine or simply engaging them in conversation. Supporters argue that such robots can improve quality of life, though critics worry that human-to-human connection may become superficial. In the industrial sector, robots have changed traditional manufacturing. Automated assembly lines now produce cars, electronics, and clothing at speeds unimaginable a century ago. Companies benefit from efficiency and cost reduction, but workers face job insecurity as repetitive tasks are increasingly assigned to machines. Economists debate whether AI robots will create new categories of employment or deepen unemployment in vulnerable industries. AI robots are also entering education and households. In classrooms, interactive robots can teach languages, provide instant feedback, and adapt lessons to each student’s level. At home, smart robots vacuum floors, manage schedules, and even monitor security systems. While these innovations promise convenience, they also raise ethical questions. For instance, who is responsible if an AI robot makes a mistake that harms someone? Should robots be granted a form of legal accountability, or should responsibility remain solely with the manufacturer? Governments around the world are beginning to regulate AI technology. The European Union has introduced rules requiring transparency in AI systems, while the United States and China continue to invest heavily in AI research. Experts agree that cooperation is essential; without shared standards, the rapid growth of AI robots could lead to uneven benefits and unpredictable risks.

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