14. RNA molecules that exhibit catalytic activity are called
(A) mRNAs
(B) ribonucleases
(C) ribosomes
(D) ribozymes

1. RNA molecules that exhibit catalytic activities are called (A) mRNAs (B) rRNAs (C) ribosomes (D) ribonucleotides (E) ribozymes

11. RNA molecules that exhibit catalytic activity are called (A) microRNAS (B) ribonucleases (C) ribosomes (D) ribozymes (E) ribonucleotides

15. Which of the following scientists provided definitive evidence for the chromosomal theory? (A) Mendel (B) Morgan (C) McClintock (D) Miescher (E) Avery

16. Which of the following would not be considered a mutation? (A) permanent replacement of guanine with thymine in a DAN strand (B) deletion of gene segment (C) insertion of an intron in the middle of an exon (D) permanent replacement of cytosin with adenine (E) crossing over of two gene regions during meiosis

17. A patient presents with α-thalessemia. Below is the mRNA transcribed from the patient's α-globin gene. What is the most likely result in this individual? Note: The ellipse (...) represents a continuation of the RNA beyond the sequence you are given. (A) defective transcription initiation (B) normal protein, this is a silent mutation (C) defective translation initiation (D) shorter protein, this is a nonsense mutation (E) Glycine → Serine mutation in the protein

18. All the following statements about molecular chaperones are true except (A) They play a role in the proper folding of proteins. (B) They are located in every cellular compartment. (C) They are found only in mammals. (D) They bind a wide range of proteins.

19. As topoiosomerases play an important role during replication, a large number of anticancer drugs have been developed that inhibit the activity of these enzymes. Which of the following statements is NOT true about topoisomerases as a potential anticancer drug target? (A) As cancer cells are rapidly growing cells, they usually contain higher level of topoisomerases. (B) The transient DNA breaks created by topoisomerases are usually converted to permanent breaks in the genome in the presence of topoisomerase targeted drugs. (C) As cancer cells often have impaired DNA repair pathways, they are more susceptible towards topoisomerase targeted drugs. (D) The drugs that specifically target topoisomerase, usually do not affect normal fast growing cells.

20. Which one of the following statements about the chromatins is NOT true? (A) DNA winds approximately 1.65 times around the nucleosomes (B) H2A-H2B bind to both the entry and exit ends of DNA in nucleosomes (C) Covalent modification of histones influence chromatin compaction (D) Non-histone proteins are part of mitotic chromosomes

21. Gametes are _ and somatic cell are _. (A) diploid； haploid (B) haploid, diploid (C) haploid； haploid (D) diploid, diploid

22. Which two Uvr component molecules scan the DNA during nucleotide excision repair? (A) UvrB, UvrC (B) UvrC, UvrA (C) UvrD, UvrA (D) UvrA, UvrB

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