15. Consider the van der Waals coefficients in the following table, which molecule may have the strongest attractive intermolecular interactions?

(A) Benzene
(B) Ammonia
(C) Chlorine
(D) Diethyl ether
(E) Water

16. Consider the following statements: a. Real gases act more like ideal gases as the pressure increases.  b. The Maxwell speed distribution graph for different molecules shows that heavier molecules travel with speeds close to their average values than the lighter ones.  c. At 1 atm and 273 K, every molecule in a sample of a gas has the same speed.  d. The kinetic model of gases states that gas particles move in ordered and non-random motions. e. At constant T, Xe molecules at 1 atm and He molecules at 5 atm both have the same average kinetic energy. Which of these statements are true? (A) a and d (B) b and e (C) a and e (D) b and e (E) a and c 

17. The melting points of the oxides of the third-period elements are given below. How many oxides are the molecular solids? Na2O (1275 °C), MgO (2800 °C), Al2O3 (2045 °C), SiO2 (1610 °C), P4O6 (23.8 °C), SO3 (16.8 °C), Cl2O7 (-91.5 °C) (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) There is no correct answer.

18. Which is the correct statement for the second law of thermodynamics? (A) In any cyclic process the entropy will either decrease or remain the same. (B) A system's entropy approaches a constant value as its temperature approaches absolute zero. (C) If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. (D) In a thermodynamic process involving a closed system, the increment in the internal energy is equal to the difference between the heat accumulated by the system and the work done by it. (E) It is impossible for a system to receive a given amount of heat from a high-temperature reservoir and provide an equal amount of work output.

19. A group of scientists recently synthesis a brand-new compound, named as Q. Please use the following thermodynamic data to estimate the boiling temperature of Q at P = 1 bar. Here are thermodynamic data of Q at 25 °C, and it is assumed that and S° are independent of temperature.  (A) 8442 K (B) 508.7 °C (C) 3818 K (D) 898.2 °C (E) There is not enough information.

20. According to the second law of thermodynamics, which is the correct expression for the spontaneous reaction? (A) ＞ 0 (B) ＞ 0 (C) /T ＞ 0 (D) + P·ΔV (E)

21. Which is the correct statement for a substance when the temperature increases? (A) The entropy of a substance always increases when the temperature increases. (B) The entropy of a substance always decreases when the temperature increases. (C) The free energy of the formation of a substance always increases when the temperature increases. (D) The free energy of the formation of a substance always decreases when the temperature increases. (E) None of the above is correct.

22. What is the correct description for the role of the light in the photosynthesis reaction from the point of view of thermodynamics? (A) The light provides the heat required by the photosynthesis reaction. (B) Without the light, the photosynthesis reaction is nonspontaneous. The light provides the enthalpy which make the reaction spontaneous. (C) The light provides the enthalpy which causes the photosynthesis reaction to release the heat. (D) Without the light, the photosynthesis reaction is nonspontaneous. The light provides the free energy which makes the reaction spontaneous. (E) None of the above is correct.

23. The reaction 2 Cu(s) + CO2(g) → 2 CuO(s) + C(s) is not spontaneous at all temperatures. Predict the sign of the reaction enthalpy and entropy, respectively. (A) + and + (B) − and − (C) + and − (D) − and + (E) There is not enough information

24. The system contains 1.50 mole N2 at 298 K and 1 atm, and is initially at equilibrium. Calculate the change in internal energy when 2.50 kJ of energy is transferred as heat to the system at constant pressure. Assume that N2 behaves as an ideal gas and its heat capacity is mainly contributed by translational and rotational motion but none of vibrational ones. (A) +1.50 kJ (B) +1.79 kJ (C) +1.89 kJ (D) +2.50 kJ (E) None of the above is correct.

25. For the reaction CO2(aq) → CO2(g),  at 298 K. At constant pressure and temperature, which of the following statements is true? (A) (B) (C)¹ (D)(E) None of the above is correct. 

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