19. Which element has the greatest second ionization energy?
(A) Na
(B) Ca
(C) K
(D) Mg
(E) Zn

20. A polished metal surface requires 1.75 × 10⁻¹⁹ J to remove electrons via the photoelectric effect. When photons with a wavelength of 237 nm strike the surface, what will be the kinetic energy of the ejected electrons? h = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J⋅s, c = 2.998 × 10⁸ m/s (A) 1.75 × 10⁻¹⁹ J (B) 1.01 × 10⁻¹⁸ J (C) 8.39 × 10⁻¹⁹ J (D) 6.64 × 10⁻¹⁹ J (E) none of the above

21. For a solution of IF5 molecules, its low temperature ¹⁹F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum should exhibit which of the following patterns? (¹⁹F is 100% abundant with a nuclear spin of ½； ignore any effects due to magnetic coupling to iodine nuclei.) (A) One singlet (B) One doublet (C) One sextet (D) One triplet with an integrated intensity of three and one quartet with an integrated intensity of two (E) One doublet with an integrated intensity of four and one quintet with an integrated intensity of one

22. For phosphoric acid, Ka,1 = 7.6 × 10⁻³, Ka,2 = 6.2 × 10⁻⁸, Ka,3 = 4.8 × 10⁻¹³. In order of decreasing concentrations, which of the following is correct about the concentration of the listed species present in a solution of H3PO4 at pH = 8? I. [PO4³⁻] II. [HPO4²⁻] III. [H2PO4⁻] IV. [H3PO4] (A) I ＞ II ＞ III ＞ IV (B) I ＞ III ＞ IV ＞ II (C) III ＞ II ＞ IV ＞ I (D) IV ＞ I ＞ III ＞ II (E) IV ＞ III ＞ II ＞ I

23. A certain alkene (C7H14) exhibits seven signals in its proton-coupled ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. Of the seven signals, two are quartets, one is a singlet, and four are triplets. Which of the following structures is consistent with these data? (Please refer to the actual exam paper for the structures)

24. When 3.00 grams of a nonelectrolyte is dissolved in 100. grams of water, the freezing point of the resulting solution is -0.465 °C. What is the molecular weight of the nonelectrolyte? Kf for water is 1.86 °C kg/mol (A)25.9 grams/mole (B) 34.7 grams/mole (C) 120. grams/mole (D) 168 grams/mole (E) 259 grams/mole 

25. Pb²⁺(aq) + CrO4²⁻(aq) → PbCrO4(s) The amperometric titration of Pb²⁺ with CrO4²⁻ is carried out at an applied potential where both ions are reducible. The reaction is shown above. The titration curve would resemble most closely which of the following? (Please refer to the actual exam paper for the diagrams)

26. The crystals of Na2O exhibit an antifluorite structure with a coordination number of 4 for the cation. What must be the coordination number of the anion? (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 (E) 10

27. Which of the following statements concerning hemoglobin is correct? (A) Oxygen binds to the porphyrin ligands of the heme groups. (B) Carbon monoxide is toxic because it degrades the heme groups in hemoglobin. (C) The four heme subunits of hemoglobin exhibit cooperativity in their binding of oxygen. (D) The binding of oxygen by hemoglobin is pH insensitive. (E) Hemoglobin binds O2 irreversibly.

28. Which of the following offers the best combination of reactants to give the highest yield of tert-butyl methyl ether, (CH3)3COCH3? (A) (CH3)3C=CH2 + NaOCH3 (B) (CH3)3CHCH2I + NaOCH3 (C) (CH3)3CBr + KOCH3 (D) (CH3)3CONa + CH3OH (E) (CH3)3COK + CH3I

29. Which of the following reactions produces a colored solution? (A) Ca²⁺(aq) + CO3²⁻(aq) (B) Ni(s) + HCl(aq) (C) P4O10(s) + H2O (D) KIO4(s) + H2O (E) Zn(s) + H3O⁺(aq)

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