2. Which of the following molecules serves as a primer for reverse transcriptase during retroviral replication?
(A) host snRNA
(B) host tRNA
(C) host ribosomal DNA
(D) viral RNA
(E) viral protein

19. Which of the following molecules serves as a primer for reverse transcriptase during retroviral replication? (A) host snRNA (B) viral RNA (C) host tRNA (D) viral DNA (E) host DNA

3. In the E. coli RecBCD pathway, in order for homologous recombination to occur, which of the following proteins coats the single stranded DNA tail produced by exonuclease activity? (A) RecA (B) RecB (C) RecC (D) RecD (E) RuvB

4. Put the following steps of E. coli primosome assembly in the correct order. (1) Primase binds. (2) DnaA binds to oriC at dnaA boxes. (3) DnaB binds to the open complex. (4) DnaA, RNA polymerase, and HU protein melt the DNA. (A) 2, 4, 1, 3 (B) 2, 4, 3, 1 (C) 3, 4, 1, 2 (D) 4, 1, 2, 3 (E) 4, 2, 1, 3

5. One mechanism by which gene conversion can occur in N. crassa during meiosis is (A) SOS repair (B) mismatch repair (C) double stranded break repair (D) excision repair (E) photoreactivation repair

6. Which of the following subunits of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme is referred to as the "sliding clamp"? (A) α (B) β (C) γ (D) τ (E) θ

7. Which of the following statements     is not true     concerning DNA replication in E. coli? (A) DNA replication is semiconservative. (B) DNA replication is semidiscontinuous. (C) There are multiple origins of replication. (D) DNA replication is RNA dependent. (E) DNA replication requires topoisomerase.

8. Which of the following agents causes DNA damage by forming pyrimidine dimers? (A) X-rays (B) γ-radiation (C) UV radiation (D) alkylating agents (E) ethidium bromide

9. Which of the following repair mechanisms is a damage bypass mechanism, not an actual repair mechanism? (A) DNA photolyase (B) base excision repair (C) nonhomologous end joining (D) mismatch repair (E) recombination repair

10. Which of the following statement is     not true   ? (A) DRB sensitivity inducing factor (DSIF) and negative elongation factor (NELF) can help eukaryotic RNA polymerase II in the paused state. (B) TFIIH can catalyze phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and is required for promoter clearance, but is not needed for transcription elongation. (C) The signal for RNA polymerase II to leave the paused state is delivered by the positive elongation factor-b (P-TEFb). (D) P-TEFb phosphorylates RNA polymerase II, DSIF and NELF. Next, DSIF leaves the paused complex, but NELF remains to stimulate transcription elongation. (E) TFIIB binds to TATA-binding protein via its C-terminal domain (TFIIBC) and can determine the start site of transcription.

11. Which of the following statement regarding eukaryotic RNA polymerase II is     not true    ? (A) The zipper of Rpb1 collaborates with the lid to initiate dissociation of the DNA-RNA hybrid. (B) The lid of Rpbl interacts with DNA-RNA hybrid & maintains the hybrid dissociation. (C) The pore 1 of RNA polymerase II is the place for extrusion of the 3'end of RNA when RNA polymerase II backtracks. (D) Alpha-amanitin blocks translocation after a phosphodiester bond forms in transcription, without blocking nucleotide entry. (E) Bridge helix lies next to the active center of RNA polymerase II & flexing this helix may function in translocation during transcription.

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