23. If the average intensity (energy per unit time per unit area) of an electromagnetic wave at some point in space is, what is the peak electric field at that point? ε₀ and μ₀ are the vacuum permittivity and permeability, respectively.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

24. Consider a soap film of thickness t and index of refraction n (＞1) suspending in air (index of refraction ~1). Light of wavelength λ is incident on the soap normally. If the intensity of the reflection is 0 (destructive completely), what is the maximum of 2t? (A) nt (B) 2t (C) 2nt (D) 4t (E) 4nt

25. In an experiment of photoelectric effect, when the light intensity increases, (A) the photoelectric current decreases (B) the stopping potential decreases (C) the photoelectric current does not change (D) the stopping potential does not change (E) None of the above

1. The number of significant figures of (0.00150 m×3.2 cm) is: (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 (E) 6.

2. A 32-N force, parallel to the incline, is required to push a certain crate at constant velocity up a frictionless incline that is 30° above the horizontal. The mass of the crate is: (A) 3.3 kg (B) 3.8 kg (C) 5.7 kg (D) 6.5 kg (E) 16 kg.

3. When a certain rubber band is stretched a distance x, it exerts a restoring force F = ax + bx², where a and b are constants. The work done in stretching this rubber band from x = 0 to x = L is: (A) aL2/2 + bL³/3 (B) aL+bL2/2 (C) a + 2bL (D) aL + 2bL² (E) aL² + bLx³.

4. The potential energy of a 2.0-kg particle moving along the x axis is given by U(x)=5.0J/m²)x4 J.When the particle is at x = 1.0 m it is traveling in the positive x direction with a speed of 5.0 m/s. It next stops momentarily to turn around at about x = (A) 0 (B) 1.56 m (C) -1.56 m (D) 3.02 m (E) -3.02 m.

5. A sled loaded with sand, slides along a horizontal frictionless track. As the sled moves, sand trickles out at a constant mass-reduced rate through a hole in the back. The speed of the sled will: (A) decrease at a constant rate (B) increase at a constant rate (C) remain the same (D) decrease at a variable rate (E) increase at a variable rate.

6. When the speed of a rear-drive car is increasing on a horizontal road the direction of the frictional force on the tires is: (A) forward for all tires (B) backward for all tires (C) forward for the front tires and backward for the rear tires (D) backward for the front tires and forward for the rear tires (E) zero.

7. Two uniform cylinders have different masses and different rotational inertias. They simultaneously start from rest at the top of an inclined plane and roll without sliding down the plane. The cylinder that gets to the bottom first is: (A) the one with the larger mass (B) the one with the smaller mass (C) the one with the larger rotational inertia (D) the one with the smaller rotational inertia (E) neither (they arrive together).

8. A meter stick is pivoted at a point a distance a from its center and swings as a physical pendulum. Of the following values for a, which results in the shortest period of oscillation? (A) a = 0.5 m (B) a = 0.3 m (C) a = 0.2 m (D) a = 0.1 m (E) a = 0 m.

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