31. 油輪所使用的油污排放監督與管制系統（ODMs），在下列那一情況下，不應自動停止運 作並且發出警報信號？
(A) 流出物之油污濃度超過設定值
(B) 瞬間排洩率超過法定標準
(C) 系統發生故障
(D) 排放艙底水之流量過大

據MARPOL附款1第31條第2項，可以發現在瞬間排放率超出標準與系統出現故障的兩種情形下，系統將自動停止排放含油汙水(下面紅字部分的Google翻譯：當油的瞬時排放率超過本附件第 34 條允許的值時，任何油性混合物的排放均自動停止。如果該監測和控制系統出現故障，則應停止排放。)。

下列為公約原文：

Annex I- Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil

Chapter 4 - Requirements for the cargo area of oil tankers. Part B - Equipment

Regulation 31 - Oil discharge monitoring and control system

2 In considering the design of the oil content meter to be incorporated in the system, the Administration shall have regard to the specification recommended by the Organization.* The system shall be fitted with a recording device to provide a continuous record of the discharge in litres per nautical mile and total quantity discharged, or the oil content and rate of discharge. This record shall be identifiable as to time and date and shall be kept for at least three years. The oil discharge monitoring and control system shall come into operation when there is any discharge of effluent into the sea and shall be such as will ensure that any discharge of oily mixture is automatically stopped when the instantaneous rate of discharge of oil exceeds that permitted by regulation 34 of this Annex. Any failure of this monitoring and control system shall stop the discharge. In the event of failure of the oil discharge monitoring and control system a manually operated alternative method may be used, but the defective unit shall be made operable as soon as possible. Subject to allowance by the port State authority, a tanker with a defective oil discharge monitoring and control system may undertake one ballast voyage before proceeding to a repair port.