31. A partially oxidized silicon wafer is analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sample is irradiated with a monochromatic Al Kα with a wavelength of 0.83 nm. The detector records electrons with two kinetic energies: 1387.3 eV and 1383.3 eV. Which of the following statements corresponds to the binding energy (BE) and the chemical species (the work function of the spectrometer can be neglected)?
(A) BE = 99.3 eV for Si⁴⁺; BE = 103.3 eV for Si⁰
(B) BE = 99.3 eV for Si⁰; BE = 103.3 eV for Si⁴⁺
(C) BE = 1387.3 eV for Si⁰; BE = 1383.3 eV for Si⁴⁺
(D) BE = 1387.3 for Si⁴⁺; BE = 1383.3 eV for Si⁰
(E) BE = 4 eV for both Si⁴⁺ and Si⁰.

32. Green hydrogen is hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water using renewable electricity. Using a solar cell to electrolyze water, calculate the volume of green hydrogen (assuming as an ideal gas) produced by applying a current of 2.5 A for 30 min in an ambient environment (273 K, 1 atm). (A) 131 mL (B) 262 mL (C) 393 mL (D) 522 mL (E) 655 mL

33. Phytic acid (PA) is a natural product abundant in some edible plants. It is soluble in water, but forms insoluble precipitates (FePA) when it interacts with iron ions, thereby affecting iron absorption in the body. Choose the INCORRECT statement regarding the change of thermodynamic properties ($\Delta G_{\text{soln}}$, $\Delta H_{\text{soln}}$, and $\Delta S_{\text{soln}}$) during the dissolution of PA and FePA. (A) $\Delta G_{\text{soln}} < 0$ for PA (B) $\Delta G_{\text{soln}} > 0$ for FePA (C) $\Delta H_{\text{soln}} < 0$ for PA (D) $\Delta S_{\text{soln}} < 0$ for PA (E) $\Delta S_{\text{soln}} > 0$ for FePA 

34. The first allotrope of nitrogen was successively synthesized and confirmed using spectroscopic methods this year. It is a linear molecule composed of six nitrogen atoms. Predict its Lewis structure that fulfills the octet rule, and choose the correct statement regarding the bond length. $$ \mathrm{N}^{1}\square \mathrm{N}^{2}\square \mathrm{N}^{3}\square \mathrm{N}^{4}\square \mathrm{N}^{5}\square \mathrm{N}^{6} $$ (A) The five bonds have the same length (B) The bonds between $\mathrm{N}^{1}\mathrm{N}^{2}$ and $\mathrm{N}^{5}\mathrm{N}^{6}$ are the longest (C) The bond between $\mathrm{N}^{3}\mathrm{N}^{4}$ is the longest (D) The bonds between $\mathrm{N}^{2}\mathrm{N}^{3}$ and $\mathrm{N}^{4}\mathrm{N}^{5}$ are the longest (E) There is no single bond in this structure

35. The equilibrium constant $(K_{\mathrm{eq}})$ of one reaction is measured at four different temperatures, and the regression data are plotted. Choose the INCORRECT statement regarding the thermodynamic properties of this reaction.  (A) $\Delta H^{\circ} \approx 1.1 \cdot 10^{5} \ \mathrm{J} \cdot \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$(B) $\Delta S^{\circ} \approx 330 \ \mathrm{J} \cdot \mathrm{K}^{-1} \cdot \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$ (C) $\Delta G^{\circ}$ increases when lowering the temperature(D) $K_{\mathrm{eq}}$ increases when increasing the temperature(E) $\Delta G^{\circ} \approx 58 \ \mathrm{kJ/mol}$ at $700 \ \mathrm{K}$

36. Enzymes ( E ) can catalyze reactions through the formation of an enzyme-substrate intermediate (ES). Then ES decomposes into product (P) along with the release of free E. The total enzyme concentration is constant throughout the process, where $[\mathrm{E}]_{\mathrm{t}} = [\mathrm{E}] + [\mathrm{ES}]$. The mechanism can be expressed below: $$ E + S \underset{k_{-1}}{\overset{k_1}{\rightleftharpoons}} ES \underset{k_{-2}}{\overset{k_2}{\rightleftharpoons}} E + P $$ Assuming the decomposition of ES is irreversible, and the concentration of ES is small and remains steady during the whole process, what is the maximum rate $(r_{\max})$ of this reaction? (A) $r_{\max} = k_1[\mathrm{E}]_{\mathrm{t}}$ (B) $r_{\max} = k_2[\mathrm{E}]_{\mathrm{t}}$ (C) $r_{\max} = k_1[\mathrm{E}][\mathrm{S}]$ (D) $r_{\max} = k_2[\mathrm{ES}]$ (E) $r_{\max} = \dfrac{k_1k_2}{k_{-1}}[\mathrm{ES}]$

37. A transition metal complex with a form as $\left[\mathrm{MCl}_4\right]^{2-}$ undergoes a ligand exchange reaction by adding ammonia, resulting in a M(NH3)63+ complex. Choose the LEAST possible statement regarding this reaction. (A) M can be Zn (B) The complex becomes diamagnetic after the reaction (C) The color of the complex changes after the reaction (D) The geometry of the complex changes after the reaction (E) The reaction cannot proceed in $\mathbf{N}_2$ environment

38. 2D materials are crystalline solids comprising a single layer of atoms. The most well-known 2D material is graphene, which is in the form of a plane of $\mathfrak{sp}^2$-bonded C atoms. Using the graphene structure as a hint, select the LEAST possible element that can form a 2D material. (A) Si (B) B (C) P (D) Bi (E) S

39. 10 moles of gaseous reactant A dimerize to B in a syringe isothermally. The total Gibbs free energy (G) of the equilibrium state is marked in the right graph. Assuming both A and B behave like an ideal gas, predict the change in G of this system after pressing the piston (the new equilibrium state is marked as #). (A)(B) (C)(D)(E)

40. What is the maximum number of electrons in an atom whose quantum numbers fulfill these conditions: n = 5, $\ell = 2$, $m_{\ell} > 0$. (A) 12 (B) 10 (C) 8 (D) 4 (E) 6

複選題1. 濃度同為 $0.02 \mathrm{M}$ 的 $C_{6} H_{5} COOH(aq)$ 與 $CH_{3} COOH(aq)$ 以同體積混合，達平衡時，下列敘述哪些正確？（ $C_{6} H_{5} COOH$ 之 $K_{a} = 6.5 \times 10^{-5}$，$CH_{3} COOH$ 之 $K_{a} = 1.6 \times 10^{-5}$） (A) $[H^{+}] = 9.0 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M}$ (B) $[H^{+}] = [C_{6}H_{5}COO^{-}] + [CH_{3}COO^{-}] + [OH^{-}]$ (C) $[H^{+}] > [CH_{3}COO^{-}] > [C_{6}H_{5}COO^{-}]$ (D) $\left(\left[CH_{3}COO^{-}\right] / \left[CH_{3}COOH\right]\right) > \left(\left[C_{6}H_{5}COO^{-}\right] / \left[C_{6}H_{5}COOH\right]\right)$ (E) $\left(\left[CH_{3}COO^{-}\right] / \left[CH_{3}COOH\right]\right) + \left(\left[C_{6}H_{5}COO^{-}\right] / \left[C_{6}H_{5}COOH\right]\right) = 9.0 \times 10^{-4}$

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