5. Which of the following bacterial toxin can inhibit protein synthesis in the host?
(A) Shiga toxin
(B) Botulinum toxin
(C) Tetanus toxin
(D) Pertussis toxin
(E) Cholera toxin

6. The most common cause of burn-derived sepsis is: (A) Escherichia coli (B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (C) Klebsiella pneumoniae (D) Salmonella typhimurium (E) Proteus mirabilis

7. Which of the following antibiotic can block bacterial RNA synthesis? (A) Cycloserine (B) Chloramphenicol (C) Tetracycline (D) Rifampicin (E) Ampicillin

8. The major sterol in the fungal plasma membrane is ________, which is also an important target of antifungal drugs. (A) Stigmasterol (B) Cholesterol (C) Ergosterol (D) Lanosterol (E) Campesterol

9. Please choose the wrong statement regarding the nitrogen cycle mediated by bacteria. (A) Azotobacter species fix nitrogen from the air, and the product of nitrogen fixation is ammonia. (B) The anammox reaction is an aerobic process performed by bacteria in the phylum Planctomycetes, in which ammonium ion is oxidized to nitrogen gas using nitrite as the terminal electron acceptor. (C) Nitrification by bacteria is a two-step process in which ammonium is oxidized to nitrite and then to nitrate. (D) In denitrification, nitrates are reduced to nitrogen gas during anaerobic respiration. (E) Bacteria of the genera Nitrobacter and Nitrococcus convert nitrite to nitrate.

10. Which air filtration system is capable of removing 99.97% of particles? (A) Surgical mask (B) Cloth mask (C) Depth filter (D) HEPA filter (E) Membrane filter

11. The most common archaeal cell envelope structure external to the plasma membrane is the: (A) Capsule (B) Outer membrane (C) Peptidoglycan layer (D) Lipopolysaccharide layer (E) S-layer

12. Which phase of the microbial growth curve is associated with genetic diversity and evolution? (A) Lag phase (B) Exponential phase (C) Stationary phase (D) Death phase (E) Long-term stationary phase

13. Loss of the MinCDE system in E. coli would most likely lead to: (A) Elongated filamentous cells (B) Septa forming near cell poles (C) Inhibition of DNA replication (D) Defective MreB localization (E) Failure of chromosome condensation

14. Why do Gram-positive bacteria retain crystal violet dye during Gram staining? (A) Presence of an outer membrane (B) High lipid content (C) Thick, highly cross-linked peptidoglycan (D) Teichoic acid removal (E) Porin closure

15. Which conclusion best explains why Mycoplasma (黴漿菌) species are intrinsically resistant to β-lactam antibiotics? (A) They lack ribosomes (B) They possess an outer membrane (C) They have altered porins (D) They lack a cell wall (E) They degrade antibiotics enzymatically

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立清華大學_碩士班考試入試題_生命科學暨醫學院_甲組（生物與醫學科學組）：微生物學#142684

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立清華大學_碩士班考試入學試題_生命科學院甲組、丁組：微生物學#132956

112年 - 112 國立清華大學碩士班考試入學試題_生命科學院_甲組（生物與醫學科學組）：微生物學#118493

111年 - 111 國立清華大學_碩士班考試入學試題_生命科學院甲組、丁組：微生物學#125319

110年 - 110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_分子暨比較病理生物學研究所甲、乙組:微生物學(C)(細菌、病毒、免疫、寄生蟲，各25%並以人畜共通疾病為主)#111307

110年 - 110 國立清華大學碩士班考試入學試題_生命科學院/甲組(生物與醫學科學組):微生物學#104960

110年 - 110 國立台灣海洋大學_碩士班招生考試_食品科學系碩士班生物科技組：微生物學#103777

110年 - 110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_獸醫研究所乙組:微生物學(B)(包括細菌、病毒、寄生蟲)#101842

110年 - 110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_部分系所:微生物學(A)#100800

109年 - 109東吳大學_碩士班招生考試_微生物學系：微生物學#100495