9 Which of the following is NOT the main factor explaining international wars in the Power Transition Theory?
(A) Hostility between two states.
(B) Approaching power parity.
(C) The rising power dissatisfies with the status quo.
(D) Two states must be territorially adjacent.

10 Which of the following statements about Constructivism is NOT true? (A) Constructivism focuses on the process of evolution or change in international politics. (B) It stresses the role of ideas in shaping the international system, contending that systemic change is driven by the practices of international relations. (C) Wendt contends that Constructivism is a systemic, structural theory of international politics. (D) In terms of epistemology, Wendt emphasizes that language or speech acts present or represent the identities and meanings constructed by knowledge and power practices, thereby he is widely identified as a post-positivist.

11 In the Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty signed in 1954, which of the following territories was not included in the areas jointly defended by the two parties? (A) Penghu (Pescadores). (B) Kinmen (Quemoy). (C) Orchid Island. (D) Taiwan Island.

12 Which of the following combinations of “Western colonial power” and “country that gained independence after being colonized by that colonial power” is correct? (A) Germany—Namibia. (B) France—R.D.Congo. (C) Portugal—Burkina Faso. (D) Spain—Haiti.

13 In the mid-nineteenth century, the “Eastern Question” primarily centered on the rivalry among the great powers over territorial claims arising from the decline of which empire? (A) The Ottoman Turkish Empire. (B) The Austro-Hungarian Empire. (C) The Qing Empire. (D) The Russian Empire.

14 The Congress of Vienna in 1815 formally ended the Napoleon War, when the Great Powers were at odds during and after the Congress. Which of the following statement is incorrect? (A) France obtained more interests from the contradictions among the Great Powers. (B) The emergence of the Holly Alliance and the Quadruple Alliance afterwards made the international relations more complicated. (C) The Great Britain supported Austria’s leading position on the European continent to counter Russia. (D) Alexander I, the Russian Emperor, supported nationalism in opposing British and Austria’s dominance in Europe.

15 Which of the following leader was the least influential at the Paris Peace Conference in 1918? (A) Thomas Woodrow Wilson. (B) Georges Benjamin Clemenceau. (C) David Lloyd George. (D) Vittorio Emanuele Orlando.

16 After the Mukden Incident (the September 18 Incident), U.S. Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson announced a policy position in January 1932 that became known as the Stimson Doctrine. What was the main content of this doctrine? (A) Support the settlement of international disputes through bilateral consultation. (B) No recognition on territorial changes by the use of force. (C) Place Northeast China under the trusteeship of the League of Nations. (D) Oppose a military alliance between Japan and Russia.

17 Which of the following peace treaties ended the Russo-Japanese War? (A) Treaty of Manchuria. (B) Treaty of Tokyo. (C) Treaty of Portsmouth. (D) Treaty of London.

18 Which of the following statement regarding former President Lee Teng-hui’s “pragmatic diplomacy” is incorrect? (A) Sanctions imposed by the Western democratic bloc on the Mainland Chinese authorities following the Tiananmen Square Incident are helpful to promote “pragmatic diplomacy.” (B) The practices of “pragmatic diplomacy” led to diplomatic truce between two sides of the Taiwan Strait. (C) At the time, the Taiwan Area’s economic strength far surpassed that of the Mainland Area, enabling the president and vice president to visit non-diplomatic allies under designations such as “golf diplomacy” and “vacation diplomacy.” (D) During this period, it was emphasized that the Republic of China was a sovereign and independent state, while not insisting on participation in international activities under its official state title.

19 Regarding the origin of the Cold War after World War II, which of the following statement is incorrect? (A) US President Roosevelt did not implement the Yalta Accordance. (B) Both the United States and the Soviet Union conflicted severely over ideology. (C) The United States alone dominated Japan while excluding the Soviet interests. (D) The United States and the Soviet Union disputed on the German issue.

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