(五) octanal

一、The figure below shows a block with mass $m = 0.400 \, \mathrm{kg}$ sits on a frictionless air track, connected to a spring with force constant $k = 10.00 \, \mathrm{N/m}$ (equilibrium position, $x = 0$). You pull on the block, stretching the spring $0.100 \, \mathrm{m}$ ($x = 0.100$), and release it from rest. The block moves back toward its equilibrium position. What is its $x$-velocity when $x = 0.080 \, \mathrm{m}$?  【Hint】: 1. Hooke's law: $F_{x} = -kx$ . 2. Work by a spring force: $W_{s} = \frac{1}{2} kx_{i}^{2} - \frac{1}{2} kx_{f}^{2}$ .

二、The figure below shows an accident. Car A slid into the rear of car B,which was stopped at a red light along a road headed down a hill. Theslope of the hill is . The cars were separated by distancem when the driver of car A put the car into a slide (it lackedany automatic anti-brake-lock system), and that the speed of car A at theonset of braking was m/s. With what speed did car A hit carB if the coefficient of kinetic friction was 0.60? 【Hint】: 1. the magnitude of the free-fall acceleration $g = 9.8 \, \mathrm{m/s}^2$ . 2. $\sin 12^{\circ} \approx 0.20$ ; $\cos 12^{\circ} \approx 0.98$ . 3. $v = v_{0} + at$ . 4. $S = v_{0}t + \frac{1}{2} at^{2}$ . 5. $v^{2} = v_{0}^{2} + 2aS$ .

三、The figure below shows two toy cars on a frictionless surface. Car A, with mass $30\mathrm{kg}$ , initially moves at $2.0\mathrm{m/s}$ parallel to the $x$ -axis. It collides with car B, which has mass $15\mathrm{kg}$ and is initially at rest. After the collision, car A moves at $1.0\mathrm{m/s}$ in a direction that makes an angle $\alpha = 30^{\circ}$ with its initial direction. What is the final velocity of car B?  (a) Before collision 

(b) After collision

四、Use a Punnett square to predict the offspring in a cross between (a) adwarf pea plant (homozygous recessive) and a tall pea plant(heterozygous). What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring? (b) a tallpea plant (heterozygous) and a tall pea plant (heterozygous). What is thegenotypic ratio of the offspring?

五、When a student mixes 50 mL of 1.0 M (= 1.0 mol/L) HCL and 50 mL of 1.0 M NaOH in a coffee-cup calorimeter, the temperature of the resultant solution increases from 21.0°C to 27.5°C. Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction in kJ/mol HCl, assuming that the calorimeter loses only a negligible quantity of heat, that the total volume of the solution is 100 mL, that its density is 1.0 g/mL, and that its specific heat is 4.18 J/g-K.

六、說明以 DNA 選殖(DNA cloning)技術，獲得可以生產人類生長因子(growth hormone, GH)轉殖細菌(transgenic bacteria)之流程。並說明如何有效的篩選出可以產生該生長因子的菌落(colony)？

七、說明孟德爾如何進行豌豆之雙性狀雜交(dihybrid cross)？根據實驗結果，提出何種理論？若進行4性狀雜交(tetra-hybrid cross)，F2世代分別可獲得多少種基因型(genotype)及表現型(phenotype)的組合？

八、請繪出以下5種化合物之結構： (一) 2-hexanone

(二) pentanoic acid

115年 - 115 中央警察大學_碩士班入學考試試題_鑑識科學研究所：自然科學#139921

110年 - 110 國立清華大學_碩士班考試入學試題_數理教育研究所/甲組(科學教育組)：自然科學概論#123560