49 帶輪傳動中，驅動輪與被驅動輪直徑比稱為________。

50 齒輪在進行傳動時，用來描述齒面接觸品質的指標稱為________。

51 通常用於實現反向運動的簡單間歇機構是________。

52 螺旋升降機構常用的螺旋元件，具有高承載能力的是________。

53 常用於高速和低扭矩傳輸的齒輪種類稱為________。

54 適用於車輛轉向系統中，改變傳動方向的齒輪是________。

55 凸輪機構中，用來描述凸輪從靜止到最高點的曲線是________。

56 在機械原理中，完成單一功能的基本單元稱為________。

I. Since the Industrial Revolution, greenhouse gas emissions have increased considerably. These increases have enhanced the heat-trapping capability of the earth’s atmosphere. As the earth warms, extreme heat conditions are expected to affect both human health and ecosystems. Some damage to humans is caused directly by increased heat, as shown by the heat waves that resulted in thousands of deaths in Europe in the summer of 2003; human heath can also be affected by pollutants, such as smog, that are exacerbated by warmer temperature.(25%)

II. In 2005, Walmart embarked on a sustainability campaign aimed at making the retail giants operations much more environmentally friendly. Though Walmart and the media have done much to raise visibility of these efforts, the actual results have been lacking. According to a recent report from the Institute for Local Self Reliance, Walmart’s sustainability campaign is much more focused on making its operations appear green to customers than it is about doing things that would actually help the environment, like reducing emissions.(25%)

III. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is taking the first steps toward phasing out non-treatment-based uses of antibiotics in agriculture.The agency issued two major industry guidance rules to eventually eliminate so-called production use of the drugs; some farmers have been exploiting antibiotics by adding them to feed to boost growth and reduce the amount that animals eat to gain weight. The FDA’s actions will limit the medications to their original purpose — to treat infections — and require veterinarians to dispense the drugs.The guidance is in response to concerns that over use of antibiotics on farms that can encourage antibiotic resistant super bugs to emerge; many of these drugs are the same ones used to treat infections in people, and the resistant strains can mean more challenges for controlling disease in human patients.(25%)

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