4.請繪圖說明「互生葉序」、「對生葉序」？

1.The table above gives costs at Jan's Bike Shop. Unfortunately, Jan's record keeping has been spotty. Each worker is paid $100 a day. Labor costs are the only variable costs of production. What is the total cost of producing 50 bikes?

2.A single-price monopolist has the demand and marginal cost schedules given in the above table. What is the profit-maximizing level of output and price?

3. If the Central Bank in Taiwan wants to lower the exchange rate, what action should it take in the foreign exchange market? Why does the action lower the exchange rate?

4. If the world economy expands so that foreign demand for China-made goods increases, in the short run what will happen to aggregate demand, the price level, and real GDP in China? Please draw a graph of the aggregate demand curve and the short-run aggregate supply curve to illustrate your answer.

1. Parthenogenesis (5 points)

2. The limbic system (5 points)

3. Evolution theory and creationism (5 points)

4. Direct and indirect values of biodiversity (5 points)

二、問答題: 1. Recent research indicates that Parkinson disease damages thesympathetic division of the peripheral nervous system. One test forsympathetic division function, called the Valsalva maneuver, requires thepatient to blow against resistance. A functional nervous system willcompensate for the decrease in blood output from the heart bycompensate for the decrease in blood output from the heart byconstricting blood vessels. How do you suppose Parkinson patientsrespond to the Valsalva maneuver? How does this relate to a commoncondition in Parkinson patients, called orthostatic hypotension, in whichblood pressure falls suddenly when the person stands up, leading todizziness and fainting? (20 points)

2. Female athletes who train intensively often stop menstruating. Theimportant factor appears to be the reduction of body fat below a certainlevel. Give a possible evolutionary explanation for a relationship betweenbody fat in females and reproductive cycle. (20 points)

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