111年 - [無官方正解]111 國立臺北大學_日間學士班轉學生招生考試試題_財政學系日間學士班3年級：個體及總體經濟學#147749

1. If the government requires a natural monopoly to price at marginal cost, (A) monopoly firms will earn the maximum economic profits because the marginal revenue equals the marginal cost. (B) monopoly firms will operate at a loss because price is lower than the average cost. (C) more firms will choose to enter the market. (D) producer surplus will increase because quantity supplied is greater.

2. Which of the following option could minimize the deadweight loss resulting from a specific tax? (A) Tax only wealthy firms and individuals. (B) Require companies, instead of consumers, to pay the tax. (C) Tax goods for which either supply or demand is inelastic. (D) Tax luxury items such as yachts and sports cars.

3. If the savings rate falls in the Solow growth model, (A) steady state capital per worker rises. (B) the steady state growth rate in output increases. (C) per worker output falls in the steady state. (D) per capita consumption falls in the short run.

4. The expenditure components of GDP include all of the following except (A) consumption. (B) investment. (C) net exports. (D) net factor payments.

5. Inventory investment in the GDP consists of (A) construction expenditures, raw materials, and inventories of finished goods. (B) goods in process, raw materials, and purchases of office machinery. (C) raw materials, goods in process, and construction expenditures. (D) inventories of finished goods, goods in process, and raw materials.

1. Solow residual

2. Beveridge curve

3. Unemployment rate

4. Labor force participation rate

5. The first fundamental theorem of welfare economics

(a) 若此赛局僅進行一次，請找出此赛局所有單純策略的納許均衡。

(b) 雨店家想協商未來皆不再進行削價競爭，若此賽局在重覆進行的機率為 \( g \)，請問在何種情況下，協商的結果才能成為納許均衡？

(a) 在現有分配下，誰比較偏好泡麵？現有分配是否為效率分配？請解釋你的答案。

(b) 若朋友建議小明用1包水餃來換小華的2包泡麵，請問這筆交易是否雙方互惠？請解釋你的答案。

(a) Analyze the effects of tax cut on the economy, assuming that the Ricardian Equivalence holds.

(b) What are the main arguments against the Ricardian Equivalence? Explain your arguments and discuss the effect of tax cut when the Ricardian Equivalence fails.

4. (10%)Suppose the government decides to enforce a state-mandated population control policy to reduce the population growth rate (from $n_1$ to $n_2$, $0 < n_2 < n_1$). Use the Solow model to explain the policy's impact on long-run living standards.