12.β-galactosidase cleaves the disaccharide lactose into _______and_______.
(A) glucose, galactose;
(B) glucose, fructose;
(C) galactose, fructose;
(D) galactose, galactose.
(E) glucose, glucose.

13. Which of the following statements is not true about the λ phage?(A) DNA circularization in E.coli by 12 base cos cohesive ends; (B) The product of clgene is a repressor, which is important for lysogeny; (C) The expression of cro genemust be stimulated during lysogeny; (D) cIII is a protector of cII; (E) N and Q genesmust be turn on during lytic phase.

14. Which of the following statements is not true about histone? (A) The most common histone modification is methylation; (B) Core histones contain H2A, H2B, H3, and H4; (C) The DNA winding almost twice (1 and 3/4) around the core histones; (D) Most of the histones are also well conserved from one organism to another; (E) Histones are usually basic and have pronounced positive charge at neutral pH.

15. Heterochromain:(A) chromatin that is active; (B) It is found at the telomeres; (C) chromatin that isextended; (D) accessible to RNA polymerase; (E) contain most of the genes.

16. The following domains which can play DNA binding activity? (A) zinc fingers; (B) prolin-rich regions; (C) acid regions; (D) coiled-coil domain; (E)PRR domains.

17. The correct order of chromatin folding is (1) nucleosome formation (2) 30 nM fiber formation (3) radial loop structure (A) 1, 2, 3; (B) 3, 2, 1; (C) 2, 1, 3; (D) 2, 3, 1; (E) 1, 3, 2.

18. The consensus sequence of splicing signal at the first two bases and the last two bases of pre-mRNA are (A) GG-AG; (B) GU-AG; (C) CU-CG; (D) GU-AU; (E)GA-CG.

19. Which of the following statements is not true about the TATA-box-binding protein (TBP)? (A) TFIID contains TBP and TBP-associated factors; (B) Different TBP have been identified from yeast, fruit fly, plant, and human, and they are more than 80% identical in amino acid sequence; (C) TBP binds in the minor, rather than the major, groove of DNA; (D) The TBP functions not only in transcription of class II genes, but also in transcription of class I and class III genes; (E) TBP has two known enzymatic activities, Histon acetyltransferase (HAT) and Kinase.

20. If a transposable element can transpose on its own because it contains (A) transposase; (B) DNA repeats; (C) origin of replication; (D) antibiotic resistance; (E) Tn10.

21. Which is correct order of following steps in translation elongation? (1) EF-G, with GTP, translocates peptidyl-tRNA to the P site. (2) EF-Tu, with GTP, binds an aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal A site. (3) Peptidyl transferase forms a peptide bond between the peptide in the P site and the newly arrived aminoacyl-tRNA in the A site. (A) 3, 1, 2; (B) 3, 2, 1; (C) 1, 2, 3; (D) 1, 3, 2; (E) 2, 3, 1.

22. Which of following proteins are not need in DNA replication fork during DNA replication? (A) Helicase; (B) Single-strand DNA-binding proteins; (C) Topoisomerase; (D) DNA polymerase; (E) recombinase.

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