25. A teacher is designing a lesson following Vygotsky's concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). Which activity best reflects this principle?
(A) Asking students to complete tasks entirely independently without support
(B) Giving students tasks far beyond their current ability to challenge them
(C) Providing guided support (scaffolding) and gradually removing it as students improve
(D) Allowing students to choose only tasks they already know how to do

26. In bilingual education, what is a key theoretical difference between translanguaging and traditional code-switching? (A) Code-switching views bilingual speakers as drawing on a single integrated linguistic repertoire, whereas translanguaging assumes two completely separate language systems. (B) Code-switching often treats languages as separate and bounded systems, whereas translanguaging views bilingual speakers' linguistic resources as an integrated repertoire. (C) Translanguaging strictly prohibits students from using their first language in class, whereas code-switching encourages full immersion in the target language. (D) Translanguaging refers only to translating words between two languages, whereas code-switching refers to using multiple modes such as images, gestures, and speech.

27. Before a science group activity, the teacher explicitly teaches students English expressions such as "Take turns," "Work with your partner," and "Ask your group members for ideas" so that they can participate in the group task. According to Do Coyle's Language Triptych in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), which type of language do these expressions best represent? (A) Language of learning (B) Language about learning (C) Language through learning (D) Language for learning

28. A curriculum that is integrated with or interconnected to other subjects/domains of knowledge provides learners with enriched and broadened contexts in which they may not only practice the language effectively but also gain the to learn. (A) impetus (B) reluctance (C) permission (D) prohibition

29. Phonological awareness refers to a student's ability to (A) connect letters to sounds (B) identify and manipulate speech sounds (C) recognize printed words automatically (D) understand word meanings

30. Which of the following classroom activities does NOT focus on maximizing simultaneous interaction in cooperative learning? (A) Think-Pair-Share (B) Jigsaw reading with peer teaching (C) Roundtable brainstorming and discussion tasks (D) Wordwall interactive game group competition

1. 下列何者並非通用設計學習（UDL）的三大核心原則之一？ (A) 多元呈現方式（Multiple Means of Representation），如：教材包含繪本、影片與實物素材 (B) 多元行動與表達方式（Multiple Means of Action and Expression），如：觀察記錄方式包括畫圖、錄音、拍照 (C) 多元參與方式（Multiple Means of Engagement），如：教學型態包括個別活動、小組活動、團體活動 (D) 多元創作方式（Multiple Means of Creation），如：作品包括個別作品、團體作品，平面作品、立體作品

2. 安安老師的班上將被安置一位妥瑞氏症的幼兒，幼兒園的同事們紛紛提出他們之前的經驗，下列何項並非妥瑞氏症的幼兒的特徵？ (A) 通常有生長遲緩及獨特外貌 (B) 抽動症狀時好時壞，與壓力、焦慮或疲勞相關 (C) 常伴隨強迫症（OCD）、注意力不足過動症（ADHD） (D) 熟睡後，不自主的動作或聲音抽動（tics）頻率與強度通常會顯著下降

3. 下列哪一類特殊需求幼兒的動作功能，通常會隨年齡增長而出現「漸進性惡化」的現象？ (A) 腦性麻痺（Cerebral Palsy） (B) 脊椎損傷（Spinal Cord Injury） (C) 小兒麻痺症（Poliomyelitis） (D) 肌肉萎縮症（Muscular Dystrophy）

4. 某幼兒在玩耍時平衡感極差，且在進行精細動作（如：串珠）時顯得手部震顫、不協調，這最可能是大腦中哪一個部位發展受損或異常？ (A) 小腦（Cerebellum） (B) 海馬迴（Hippocampus） (C) 胼胝體（Corpus Callosum） (D) 大腦皮質（Cerebral Cortex） 1

5. 針對具有過動與注意力缺陷（ADHD）傾向的幼兒，在教室環境佈置與輔導策略上，下列何者     較不適當     ？ (A) 將幼兒的座位安排在遠離門口或窗戶的位置 (B) 教室佈置應簡潔，減少容易引起分心的視覺刺激 (C) 課程指令應口語簡潔，並拆解成多個小步驟執行 (D) 在靜態課程中隨時讓其自由走動，以消耗其過剩的體力

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