2. 凱因斯模型中的投資乘數、財政政策乘數及平衡預算乘數的意涵為何？日本在今年(2019 年)將消費稅由 8%提高為 10%，會產生怎麼樣的乘數效果及排擠效果？(15%)

3. 美國總統川普先生為解決中、美間嚴重的貿易赤字問題，而掀起中、美貿易大戰，美國的貿易赤字問題亦會伴隨著政府預算赤字、貨幣升降息及匯率升貶值的問題，其交相影響的關聯性為何？(20%)

1. 日本傳出發生第二例豬瘟案例，行政院農業委員會公告暫停日本活豬、豬肉及相關產品輸入臺灣。請問暫停日本豬肉進口對國內豬肉市場供需、數量及價格影響為何？請繪圖並輔以文字詳細說明。(5%)

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一、The ballistic pendulum was used to measure the speeds of bullets before electronic timing devices were developed. The figure below shows a large block of wood of mass M = 6.4 kg, hanging from two long cords. A bullet of mass m = 9.6 g is fired into the block, coming quickly to rest. The “block+bullet” then swing upward, their center of mass rising a vertical distance h = 6.3 cm before the pendulum comes momentarily to rest at the end of its arc. What is the speed ν of the bullet just prior to the collision? 【Hint】: the magnitude of the free-fall acceleration g = 9.8 m/s2 .

二、The figure below shows the essentials of a mass spectrometer, which can be used to measure the mass of an ion; an ion of mass \( m \) (to be measured) and charge \( q \) is produced in source \( S \). The initially stationary ion is accelerated by the electric field due to a potential difference \( V \). The ion leaves \( S \) and enters a separator chamber in which a uniform magnetic field \( \vec{B} \) is perpendicular to the path of the ion. A wide detector lines the bottom wall of the chamber, and the \( \vec{B} \) causes the ion to move in a semicircle and thus strike the detector. Suppose that \( B=80.000 \text{ mT} \), \( V=1000.0 \text{ V} \), and ions of charge \( q=+1.6022 \times 10^{-19} \text{C} \) strike the detector at a point that lies at \( x=1.6254 \text{ m} \). What is the mass \( m \) of the individual ions, in atomic mass units? 【Hint】： atomic mass units: \( 1 \text{ u} = 1.6605 \times 10^{-27} \text{ kg} \). The SI unit for \( \vec{B} \) : \( 1 \text{ T} = 1 \frac{\text{newton}}{(\text{coulomb/second})(\text{meter})} = 1 \frac{\text{N}}{\text{A}\cdot\text{m}} \). \( F_B = |q|vB \sin \varphi \). \( F = m \frac{v^2}{r} \).

三、The figure below shows the spring force as a function of the stretch or compression of the spring. The spring is compressed by 5.5 cm and used to propel a 3.8 g cork from the gun. (A) What is the speed of the cork if it is released as the spring passes through its relaxed position? (B) Suppose, instead, that the cork sticks to the spring and stretches it 1.5 cm before separation occurs. What now is the speed of the cork at the time of release? 【Hint】： Hooke's law: \( F_x = -kx \). Work by a spring force: \( W_s = \frac{1}{2}kx_i^2 - \frac{1}{2}kx_f^2 \).  

(A) How much heat is needed to warm 250 g of water from 20℃to 96℃?

(B) What is the molar heat capacity of water?【Hint】: The SI unit of the molar heat capacity is joule per kelvin per mole, \( \text{J} \cdot \text{K}^{-1} \cdot \text{mol}^{-1} \). The Specific Heat for \( \text{H}_2\text{O} (l) \) is 4.18 \( (\text{J} \cdot \text{g}^{-1} \cdot \text{K}^{-1}) \).

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